Objective. To study the association between personal anxiety and attitudes toward behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular diseases among individuals aged 25–44 years in Novosibirsk. Material and methods. Between 2013 and 2016, a total of 427 men (mean age: 34 ± 0.4 years; response rate: 71 %) and 548 women (mean age: 35 ± 0.4 years; response rate: 72 %) from the Oktyabrsky district of Novosibirsk were surveyed. Attitudes toward behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular diseases were assessed using the “Knowledge and Attitude Toward One’s Health” questionnaire. Personal anxiety (PA) was evaluated using the Spielberger self-assessment scale, as modified by Yu.L. Khanin. Anxiety levels were categorized as follows: scores up to 30 indicated low anxiety (LA), 31–44 indicated average anxiety (AA), and 45 or higher indicated high anxiety (HA). The study was conducted in accordance with standard methods outlined in the World Health Organization MONICA-psychosocial program. Results. No statistically significant differences were observed in attitudes toward smoking, as smokers were prevalent across all anxiety groups (HA, AA, and LA; p > 0.05). Respondents with AA (22 %) and HA (19.5 %) were more likely than those with LA (18.8 %) to acknowledge that they should follow a diet but did not. Only 13 % of individuals with HA reported having changed their diet for health reasons and continued to adhere to it (p = 0.009). Participants with AA (47.1 %) were more likely than those with HA (44 %) to respond, “I should exercise, but I don’t” (p = 0.02). Individuals with AA (26.1 %) and HA (22.1 %) were more likely to engage in physically passive leisure activities (p = 0.018). Young people with AA (23.5 %) and HA (18.4 %) were more likely than those with LA (14.7 %) to report feeling “less active” (p = 0.01). A decline in work performance over the past 12 months was reported by 26.9 % of individuals with HA, which is twice the rate observed in those with LA (12.3 %; p = 0.0001). Conclusions. PA is associated with unhealthy dietary habits and reduced physical activity among young adults. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to address anxiety-related behavioral risk factors for CVD in this population.

Aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of ticagrelor treatment in combination with high-dose statins on the relative risk of ischemic cardiovascular events during long-term follow-up in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) carrying different genotypes of rs2305948 VEGFR2. Material and methods. The study included 218 patients with acute MI, including 23 % women , average age 58 [52; 64] years. After the initial examination and preparation in the hospital emergency department, patients underwent coronary angiography followed by percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting. Two groups were identified for further observation in accordance with the therapy mode: 1 – individuals who received treatment with ticagrelor (12 months) and high-dose statins (≥ 12 months) after MI (n = 48, 22 %), 2 – individuals who took other drug combinations of statins in low or high doses in combination with various platelet P2Y12 receptor inhibitors – clopidogrel or ticagrelor (n = 170, 78 %). All 218 patients underwent genotyping (C/C, C/T, T/T) rs2305948 VEGFR2 using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The duration of outpatient observation of these patients was 9 years (2015–2024) after MI. Results. It was established that in the first group, in 48 individuals, along with 6 (13 %) identified heterozygous (C/T) genotypes of rs2305948 VEGFR2, 42 (87 %) cases with the homozygous genotype C/C were also identified, and in the second group, in 170 individuals, along with 70 (41 %) heterozygous C/T and homozygous T/T genotypes, 100 (59 %) cases with the homozygous genotype C/C rs2305948 VEGFR2 were identified (χ2 = 13.56, p < 0.001). In patients with MI in the first group, who received treatment with ticagrelor in combination with high-dose statins, there was a lower incidence of cardiovascular death (p = 0.024), recurrent acute coronary syndrome (p = 0.011), repeat myocardial revascularization (p = 0.025) and a combined end point (CEP) (p < 0.001) than among patients in group 2 who received other drug combinations of statins in high or low doses and P2Y12 platelet inhibitors. In a multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression, the Charlson comorbidity index increased the relative risk of CEP by 2.2 times (p < 0.001), the C/T and T/T rs2305948 VEGFR2 genotypes increased by 2.1 times (p = 0.023), and baseline three-vessel coronary disease increased by 2.3 times (p = 0.001). At the same time, treatment with ticagrelor in combination with high-dose statins reduced the risk of CEP by 72 % (p = 0.005), achieving low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level less than 1.4 mmol/l within 3 years after MI by 54 % (p = 0.044), and the use of drug-eluting stents by 45 % (trend, p = 0.093). Conclusions. In long-term follow-up (9 years) in patients with MI, the relative risk of ischemic cardiovascular events is directly determined by the C/T and T/T rs2305948 VEGFR2 genotypes, severe comorbidity, and baseline three-vessel coronary disease. The relative risk of ischemic events is inversely determined by treatment with ticagrelor in combination with high-dose statins and achievement of target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level after MI.

The sensory and motor functions of the stomach, including gastric emptying and accommodation, leading to dyspepsia (D), significantly affect energy expenditure, and obesity is characterized by an energy imbalance. However, the data on the association of obesity and FD are heterogeneous. Aim: to assess the prevalence of obesity and D, its types, and to identify a possible association of D with obesity in a population sample (PS) aged 35–54 years. Material and methods. During 2023–2025, a random representative sample of 35–54-year-olds from one of the districts of the city is being surveyed on the basis of NIITPM. Novosibirsk. As part of the gastroenterological fragment, the PS examination of 192 persons (92 men and 100 women) included: gender, age, BMI, filling in the mFSSG D scale (a total score of 6 points corresponded to D). The results are presented as Me [Q25; Q75]. Results. The average age in PS in people with/without D, in men and women did not differ. The prevalence of D in PS (n = 192) was 26.04 % (n = 50), in women – 64.00 %, in men – 36.00 % (p < 0.05). The prevalence of two types of FD: epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) is 24.00 %, and postprandial distress syndrome (PРDS) is 76.00 % (p < 0.05). The prevalence of obesity in the PS of people without D was 24.82%, with D – 32.00 % (p > 0.05). The BMI in individuals with PРDS – 27.54 [23.78; 32.96] kg/m2 exceeded the BMI in individuals with EPS – 23.56 [22.19; 27.02] kg/m2 (p < 0.05). Obesity is associated with the presence of PРDS (rSpearmen = +0.48, p < 0.05). In PS, no association was found between the presence of D and obesity, but among people over 53 years of age with obesity, D was observed 11.2 times more often than in people with normal body mass (p = 0.037). Conclusions. In PS in Novosibirsk, 35–54 years old, D is characterized by a high prevalence, and in women it is 1.78 times higher than in men; PPDS dominates in the D patients. The prevalence of obesity in PS in people with and without D did not differ, however, an association of obesity with D was found in people over 53 years and in people with PPDS.

The aim of the study was to identify factors associated with the presence of high blood pressure (BP) in people under 45 years of age. Material and methods. The study included residents of Novosibirsk 25–44 years old, examined in 2013–2017 in Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics – 211 persons (46 % men, 54 % women). The examination program included: demographic and social data, survey about smoking and alcohol consumption habits, socioeconomic survey, history of chronic diseases, cardiological survey according to Rose, anthropometry (height, weight, waist circumference, calculation of body mass index, assessment of abdominal obesity), 3 times blood pressure measurement. Blood lipid profile and glucose were measured by enzymatic method using standard Thermo Fisher Scientific reagents on an automatic biochemical analyzer KoneLab 30i (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Finland). Results. According to the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis, the presence of elevated BP in individuals under 45 years of age was associated with glucose levels (odds ratio – OR = 1, 882, 95 % confidence interval – 95 % CI 1.021–3.469, p = 0.043), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR = 1.902, 95 % CI 1.096–3.301, p = 0.022), total cholesterol (OR = 1.919, 95 % CI 1.067–3.452, p = 0.030) and triglycerides (OR = 1.913, 95 % CI 1.010–3.626, p = 0.047) in blood. Conclusions. In young people under 45 years of age, the presence of elevated BP is directly associated with disorders of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism.

Currently, there is an alarming trend – the growth of metabolic syndrome cases among the young population. The peculiarity of metabolic syndrome in young people is early atherogenic disorders. Many of the components of metabolic syndrome (obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia) have a genetic predisposition. Insulin resistance is a complex condition with heterogeneous molecular mechanisms. Genetic mutations can play an important role, leading to disorders in various aspects of cellular metabolism and regulation. The objective of the review was to analyze the literature on the association of common variants in the MTHFR, ACE, CSK, TCF7L2, and ADRA2B genes with lipid metabolism disorders and insulin resistance in the context of metabolic syndrome. Material and methods. The databases eLIBRARY.ru and PubMed were analysed using the following keywords: metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2), Src C-terminal kinase, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), and alpha-2B adrenergic receptor, covering publications from 1996 to 2025. A total of 512 clinical and experimental articles were analyzed. After excluding articles that reflected clinical cases and pharmacological studies, 76 articles that met the objective of the study were selected. Conclusion. The MTHFR, ACE, CSK, TCF7L2 and ADRA2B genes play an important role in regulating metabolic processes. Their various forms can have a significant impact on the development of insulin resistance, which is one of the main causes of dyslipidemia in metabolic syndrome. Lipid metabolism disorders in obesity, in turn, affect the formation of insulin resistance, thereby maintaining a vicious circle in the progression of metabolic disorders.

The aim of the study. To determine the therapeutic possibilities of local activation of angiogenesis and degradation of atherogenic inflammation during reconstruction of arterial wall layers under conditions of wide implantation of polysaccharide polymers in the para-adventitial zone. The concept of the analytical review is based on the hypothesis of improving the balance between pro-inflammatory and atheroprotective cytokine growth factors when using biopolymers. Materials and methods. The analysis of the literature indicates an active direct intervention in the reconstruction of the adventitial layer of the arterial wall using polysaccharide hydrogels with a high affinity for cholesterol, conditions are created for the formation of an additional extracellular matrix outside the intimal and middle zones of the main artery and the reversal of the cholesterol mass from the intimal zone to the paraadventitial space. The creation of productive inflammation in the adventitial zone using biopolymers can be one of the effective ways to degrade early soft atherogenic plaques. Publications indicate the possibility of extracting soft atherogenic plaques from the intimal space of major arteries by wide implantation of polysaccharide hydrogels into the fascial sheath of vessels with the formation of a second-level extracellular matrix. The analysis of literary sources according to the concept was carried out using databases indexed by WoS, Scopus, PubMed, DOAJ, Embase, Ei Compendex mainly for the last 10 years. Results. The literature review allows us to form a modern understanding of the molecular processes occurring in the vessel wall during the development of atherogenic inflammation in an experiment on animals receiving a cholesterol diet, to indicate signs of vascular wall reconstruction with exogenous implantation of biopolymers. Conclusions. In the vascular wall, there is a conjugation of cytokine growth factors with natural or synthetic biomaterials. Immobilized factors will be available to cells that come into contact with the matrix, providing a highly localized signal to control cell fate. Injectable scaffolds are a promising approach for stimulating angiogenesis. Cell migration from the intima and media can be activated by an electrostatic gradient in the presence of a sulfated polymer and lead to the formation of affinity complexes with cholesterol. The high affinity of polysaccharide polymers for cholesterol and LDL, active vascularization of the additional extracellular matrix provoke a gradient of cholesterol translation towards the hydrogel “shirt”. The effect of cholesterol outflow can provide a new therapeutic approach to the pathology of the main vessels.

Malignant neoplasms and antitumor therapy increase the risk of arterial thromboembolism (ischemic stroke, acute arterial occlusion of peripheral arteries). The article presents the incidence of ATE in these patients, the risk factors for the development of ATE depending on the type of caner, as well as the prevention and treatment of ATE complications in patients with cancer.