In cholesterol-fed rabbits with hypercholesterolemia it was revealed that complex of simvastatin (SV) with glycyrrhizic acid (1–4), simvaglyzin (SVG) had reduced effect on total blood cholesterol (CH) in appropriated equiponderant doses of SV 40, 66,5 and 100 mkg/kg/per day that was equal to such effect of SV 200 mkg/kg/per day. The decrease in total blood CH was 39, 36, 47 и 38 %, respectively, compared to control group after 20 day of drugs administration. Myopathic effect of SVG, evaluated by the blood activity of creatine kinase, was 26, 24 and 29 % lower in stated 3 doses of SVG, respectively, compared to SV dose after 30 day of drugs administration. Also, SVG had antioxidative effect result from reducing of blood lipid peroxidation level on 27–41 % and normalizing endothelium function effect result from reducing of blood levels of von Willebrand factor and endothelin-1 on 26–58 % and 21–29 %, respectively, in appropriated equiponderant doses of SVG 66,6 and 40 mkg/kg/per day that was equal to such effect of SV 200 mkg/kg/per day.

   Application and efficiency of hypolipidemic therapy in comparison with the effect of physical training on the dynamics of blood lipids in patients suffering from coronary heart disease after acute coronary events was studied. We examined 392 patients from 11 scientific medical centers and 9 establishments of public health care in Russia. The patients were randomized into the intervention group (197 persons) and the reference group (195 persons). Confirmations of the positive effect of physical training on the level of cholesterol of HDL and atherogeneity coefficients were obtained. In the basic group, a decrease in the level of total cholesterol and increase in cholesterol of HDL turned out to be statistically significant. Differences in the dynamics of total cholesterol, cholesterol of HDL and the ratio of the former to the latter for the comparison between the groups were reliable in favor of the basic group. High efficiency of physical training in the elevation of HDL and decrease in atherogeneity index was stated.

   The aorta, the right coronary artery, circumflexing and descending branches of the left coronary artery of native men (101) and non-natives (125), died from casual reasons, in the age of 20–59 years, are investigated. In men of indigenous population atherosclerotic process is expressed much more poorly, in comparison with persons of non-indigenous population. In the Yakuts prevalence of frequency of not changed coronary arteries and vessels with initial stage of atherosclerosis was marked whereas in men of non-indigenous population heavy forms of atherosclerosis prevailed which in men of indigenous population developed for one decade later. Essential weighting of atherosclerotic process in men of both populations during last 40 years of investigations was marked.

   Postinfarction remodeling of heart is based on the biochemical processes that take place in connective tissue structures that surround the nidus of necrosis and those that located at some distance from it. They are to provide recovery of the organ function through the structural changes of myocardium, formation of the full healing tissue with newly synthesized collagen, fibronectin and glucosaminoglucans (proteoglycans). Biochemcial processes providing postinfarcion fibrosis and remodeling of the heart may be modified udnert he action of medical preparations. Cell therapy involing transplantation of cambial cells into the injured organ is considered as a promising method in rehabilitation of acute myocardial infarction, but this method may not be recommended for a broad range of patients because it is too expensive and complicated. In this connection, development of approaches to govern heart remodeling, to prevent the transition of the adaptive version of remodeling into the pathological one with the help of medical preparations appears as a long-term but more available method of rehabilitation for the major group of patients.

   A connection of the level of Lp(a) with the presence and extent of atherosclerosis of main arte ries of head was proved. It was demonstrated that this level in the patients who survived stroke is reliably higher than that in the patients from reference groups. A direct connection of low-molecular phe notypes of apo(a) with the presence, extent and development of atherosclerotic affection of carotid arteries was also proved. hypertension is a significant and independent risk factor of coronary heart disease. Other factors of cardiovascular risk including disorders of lipid metabolism, added to arte rial hypertension, increase the probability of the development of coronary heart disease even to the higher extent.