Association of dietary intake with a risk factor of atherosclerosis – abdominal obesity in men of Novosibirsk

   Aim. To evaluate association between the nutrition habits and abdominal obesity in cross-sectional population study among men 45-69 years in Novosibirsk.

   Materials and methods. The present analysis included 4248 men examined in the frame of international project HAPIEE. Data on nutrition were obtained in the population survey using a questionnaire on the frequency of food
consumption (FFQ). Abdominal obesity (AO) was determined by waist circumference, using two criteria – ≥ 102 cm (AHA, 2005) and ≥ 94 cm (IDF, 2005). Statistical analysis was performed using package SPSS.

   Results. Significant negative association between intake of carbohydrates in the diet and obesity in men was found. The chance of abdominal obesity defined by both criteria was 1.6 lower in the highest quartile of distribution of carbohydrate intake in comparison with the lowest quartile (p < 0.001). The chance of abdominal obesity increased 1.3 times in the highest quartile of distribution of fat intake. The chance of AO in the highest quartile of protein intake was 1.3 times higher then in the lowest quartile for AHA, 2005 criterion and 1.4 times for IDF, 2005 criterion of AO.   
   Conclusion. In studied population sample of men aged 45–69 high consumption of carbohydrates in the diet was associated with reduced frequency of metabolic disorders, probably due to contribution of high intake of fibers and low intake of saturated fatty acids and cholesterol. High consumption of fats and proteins increases the risk of AO in male population aged 45–69 years. In the group with the highest intake of carbohydrates the ratio of nutrients in the diet (carbs / fat / protein) was close to the recommended by WHO.

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