Associations of cvd risk factors and аirflow obstruction in urban siberian population

   Objective: To study an association of CVD risk factors (smoking, hypertension, obesity) аnd аirflow obstruction (АO).

   Materials and methods. In frames of the population-based cross-sectional study (project HAPIEE, total sample 9360 persons aged 45–69) spirometry parameters were investigated in subsample 6875 persons (73,5 %). Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁), forced vital capacity (FVC) were fixed. Ао was registred at FEV1/FVC < 70 % and (or) FEV₁ < 80 %. Two variants АO allocated for analysis: 1) АO (FEV₁ / FVC < 70 % FEV₁ ≥ 80 % and FEV₁ < 80 %) – typical for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – АO (COPD), 2) АO (FEV₁ < 80 %; FEV₁ / FVC ≥ 70 %) typical for asthma – АO (asthma). Number of smoking pack years (PY) was calculated using the formula: (number of cigarettes smoked per day × number of years smoked) / 20 (1 pack has 20 cigarettes). All respondents divided to 3 groups depending on the PY: 1 – < 10 p / y, 2 – 10–24 p / y, 3 – ≥ 25 p / y. Hypertension registered if systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mm. Hg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mm. Hg. Overweight and obesity determined by BMI WHO criteria.

   Results. Significant negative correlation was determined between PY and FEV1 in men and women (p < 0.01), between PY and FEV₁/FVC in males (p < 0.01) and in women (p < 0.05); between SBP, DBP and FEV1 in men and in women (p < 0.01), SBP and FEV₁ / FVC in women (p < 0.05). A positive correlation was determined between BMI and FEV₁ / FVC in women and in
men (p < 0.001), negative – between BMI and FEV₁ in women (p < 0.01). When using the binary logistic regression (independent variables: age, sex, BMI, PY, SBP, DBP) increased relative risk (RR) of AO (COPD) found in males in 2.1 times PY 10–24 p / y, 3.8 times at PY ≥ 25 p/y. Increased RR of AO (COPD) was found in women-smokers in 3 times compared to the never smokers. Increased RR of АO (asthma) was detected in men 1.9 times with obesity and increased 2 times with PY 10–24 p / y versus never smokers. RR of АO (asthma) in women increased 2.1 times with PY 10–24 p / y, 4 times with PY ≥ 25 p / y. Influence of blood pressure on the risk of both variants of АO had not revealed.

   Conclusions. Higher prevalence of coronary heart disease among patients with AO compared with the general population, most likely due to the presence of associations of cardiovascular risk factors and АO.

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