Family relationships of cardio-vascular risk factors in adolescents
Abstract
Design and methods: Four cross-sectional surveys of representative samples of school children aged 14-17 in 1989 (656), in 1994 (620), in 1999 (626) and in 2003 (667) were carried out. Total sample was 2569 (1214 males and 1355 females). The program of the inquiry in adolescents included questioning about smoking, physical activity, measuring systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), anthropometry (height, weight), investigating levels of total cholesterol in serum, cholesterol of high-density lipoproteins (HDL-C), triglycerides. The program of the inquiry in parents of adolescents included questioning about smoking, physical activity, their systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), anthropometry (height, weight). Blood lipids of parents of adolescents with hypercholesterolemia were evaluated (98 mothers and 38 fathers).
Elevated blood pressure was diagnosed using criteria of JNC-7, 2003. Overweight were registered using body mass index (BMI, kg/m2). Regular smokers were who smoking more 1 cigarettes in week. Criteria of NCEP, ATP III, 2001 were used for the parents of adolescents for diagnosis of dyslipidemia. The dyslipidemia in adolescents was registered using criteria of NCEP-peds, 1992.
Results: Prearterial hypertension was revealed often in adolescents than in their parents. Arterial hypertension was registered often in parents than in their children. Overweight was observed in more than half adults and about 10% their children. Smoking rate was high in fathers and child. Smoking rate in daughters was too higher compared their mothers. Lower physical activity was also higher in adolescents and their parents. Prevalence of CVD risk factors in adolescents and their parents was in table 1. Relationships of parents’ and children’s blood pressure and body mass index levels were revealed. Among adolescents whose mothers had elevated blood pressure, this risk factor was registered twice more often compared with normotensive mothers’ children. In the subgroup of adolescents with overweight and obesity both mothers and fathers had more higher BMI than in the subgroup of adolescents with normal BMI. Adolescents’ smoking was revealed two times more often in smoking families than in non-smoking families. In adolescents with hypercholesterolemia fathers’ total cholesterol levels were higher than in population. In the subgroup of adolescents with more high levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C both mothers and fathers also had more high levels of those indices than in the subgroup of adolescents with less values of hypercholesterolemia.
About the Authors
D. V. Denisova
RAMS
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
SB RAMS
Novosibirsk
S. V. Burakova
RAMS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
SB RAMS
Novosibirsk
L. G. Zavjalova
RAMS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
SB RAMS
Novosibirsk
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Review
For citations:
Denisova D.V., Burakova S.V., Zavjalova L.G. Family relationships of cardio-vascular risk factors in adolescents. Ateroscleroz. 2005;1(1):32-39. (In Russ.)
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