The ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to apolipoprotein-B as a marker of low-density lipoprotein particle size
https://doi.org/10.15372/ATER20180204
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the informative value and clinical significance of the ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to apolipoprotein-B (LDL-C/apoB) in the overall evaluation of blood lipid profile atherogenicity. Material and methods. A total of 157 apparently healthy men with normolipidemia were included in the study. The plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apoA-I, apoB and apoE were measured on the Powerwave 200 automated spectrophotometer (USA) with commercially available kits (Chronolab Systems, Spain). Several clinical ratios and indices of lipid metabolism were calculated. Results. The use of apoB content in low-density lipoproteins (LDL) instead of total apoB level in plasma is preferable in calculating the LDL-C/apoB ratio. Low values of the LDL-C/LDL-apoB ratio, indicating a predominance of small dense LDL particles in plasma, were associated with higher triglycerides levels and lower apoE levels. This finding indicates that apoE, being a metabolically active apolipoprotein and regulating residence of triglycerides-rich lipoproteins in plasma, can affect size of the LDL particles. Conclusion. Thus, presence of small, dense LDL particles in plasma of men with normolipidemia can be a consequence of disturbances in catabolism and metabolic turnover of lipoproteins.
About the Authors
A. M. Kaneva
Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Komi SC UB RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
N. N. Potolitsyna
Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Komi SC UB RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
E. R. Bojko
Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Komi SC UB RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
References
1. Rajman I., Maxwell S., Cramb R., Kendall M. Particle size: the key to the atherogenic lipoprotein? // QJM. 1994. Vol. 87, N 12. P. 709-720.
2. Packard C.J. Triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins and the generation of small, dense low-density lipoprotein // Biochem. Soc. Trans. 2003. Vol. 31, N 5. P. 1066-1069.
3. Arai H., Kokubo Y., Watanabe M. et al. Small dense low-density lipoproteins cholesterol can predict incident cardiovascular disease in an urban Japanese cohort: the Suita study // J. Atheroscler. Thromb. 2013. Vol. 20, N 2. P. 195-203.
4. Wägner A.M., Jorba O., Rigla M. et al. LDL-cholesterol/apolipoprotein B ratio is a good predictor of LDL phenotype B in type 2 diabetes // Acta Diabetol. 2002. Vol. 39, N 4. P. 215-220.
5. Gazi I.F., Tsimihodimos V., Tselepis A.D. et al. Clinical importance and therapeutic modulation of small dense low-density lipoprotein particles // Expert Opin. Biol. Ther. 2007. Vol. 7, N 1. P. 53-72.
6. Hirano T., Ito Y., Yoshino G. Measurement of small dense low-density lipoprotein particles // J. Atheroscler. Thromb. 2005. Vol. 12, N 2. P. 67-72.
7. Hattori Y., Suzuki M., Tsushima M. et al. Development of approximate formula for LDL-chol, LDL-apo B and LDL-chol/LDL-apo B as indices of hyperapobetalipoproteinemia and small dense LDL // Atherosclerosis. 1998. Vol. 138, N 2. P. 289-299.
8. Furuya D., Yagihashi A., Nasu S. et al. LDL particle size by gradient-gel electrophoresis cannot be estimated by LDL-cholesterol/apolipoprotein B ratios // Clin. Chem. 2000. Vol. 46, N 8. P. 1202-1203.
9. Décary S., Dumont G., Lamarche B. et al. Assessment of the validity of the frequently used lipid indices for predicting LDL peak particle diameter in a large cohort of 1955 normal and dyslipidemic subjects // Clin. Biochem. 2010. Vol. 43, N 4-5. P. 401-406.
10. Dobiasova M., Frohlich J. The plasma parameter log (TG/HDL-C) as an atherogenic index: correlation with lipoprotein particle size and esterification rate in apoB-lipoprotein-depleted plasma (FER(HDL)) // Clin. Biochem. 2001. Vol. 34, N 7. P. 583-588.
11. Sniderman A.D., Tremblay A.J., de Graaf J., Couture P. Calculation of LDL apoB // Atherosclerosis. 2014. Vol. 234, N 2. P. 373-376.
12. Morita S.Y. Metabolism and Modification of Apolipoprotein B-Containing Lipoproteins Involved in Dyslipidemia and Atherosclerosis // Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2016. Vol. 39, N 1. P. 1-24.
13. Sniderman A.D., Kiss R.S. The strengths and limitations of the apoB/apoA-I ratio to predict the risk of vascular disease: a Hegelian analysis // Curr. Atheroscler. Rep. 2007. Vol. 9, N 4. P. 261-265.
14. Austin M.A., King M.C., Vranizan K.M. et al. Inheritance of low-density lipoprotein subclass patterns: results of complex segregation analysis // Am. J. Hum. Genet. 1988. Vol. 43, N 6. P. 838-846.
15. Berneis K.K., Krauss R.M. Metabolic origins and clinical significance of LDL heterogeneity // J. Lipid Res. 2002. Vol. 43, N 9. P. 1363-1379.
16. Lamon-Fava S., Fisher E.C., Nelson M.E. et al. Effect of exercise and menstrual cycle status on plasma lipids, low density lipoprotein particle size, and apolipoproteins // J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1989. Vol. 68, N 1. P. 17-21.
17. Bioletto S., Golay A., Munger R. et al. Acute hyperinsulinemia and very-low-density and low-density lipoprotein subfractions in obese subjects // Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2000. Vol. 71, N 2. P. 443-449.
18. McNamara J.R., Jenner J.L., Li Z. et al. Change in LDL particle size is associated with change in plasma triglyceride concentration // Arterioscler. Thromb. 1992. Vol. 12, N 11. P. 1284-1290.
19. Rainwater D.L. Lipoprotein correlates of LDL particle size // Atherosclerosis. 2000. Vol. 148, N 1. P. 151-158.
20. Julius U., Dittrich M., Pietzsch J. Factors influencing the formation of small dense low-density lipoprotein particles in dependence on the presence of the metabolic syndrome and on the degree of glucose intolerance // Int. J. Clin. Pract. 2007. Vol. 61, N 11. P. 1798-1804.
Review
For citations:
Kaneva A.M., Potolitsyna N.N., Bojko E.R. The ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to apolipoprotein-B as a marker of low-density lipoprotein particle size. Ateroscleroz. 2018;14(2):25-31. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15372/ATER20180204
Views:
3025
Email this article 