Blood lipid profile in patients with coronary artery disease and sarcopenia

Objective of the study was to investigate the characteristics of lipid metabolism in male patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) depending on the state of muscle mass, strength and function.

Material and methods. The investigation enrolled 79 male patients with a reliable diagnosis of CAD, verified by coronary angiography (median age 63 (57; 66) years). Diagnosis of sarcopenia was based on the recommendations of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP, 2010) with the examining of muscle strength, muscle mass and muscle function. Total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) content was determined in fasting blood serum by spectrophotometric method. Patients were divided into 3 groups (according to the definition of EWGSOP, 2010): 1^st–31 patients without sarcopenia, 2^nd–21 patients with presarcopenia, and 3^rd–27 patients with sarcopenia.

Results and discussion. There was an inverse correlation between the level of total cholesterol in patients and the musculoskeletal index (r = –0.315; p = 0.005) and the total skeletal muscle area at level LIII (r = –0.277; p = 0.013). Comparative analysis in the group of patients with coronary artery disease and sarcopenia showed significant higher levels of total cholesterol compared with those in patients with coronary artery disease without sarcopenia (5.20 (3.75; 6.00) mmol/l vs 3.90 (3.40; 4.60) mmol/l; p = 0.03). According to the results of regression analysis, a direct relationship was found between the value of total cholesterol and the risk of decreasing of the musculoskeletal index (odds ratio 1.914, 95 % confidence interval 1.166– 3.141). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis provided the critical value of total cholesterol as 4.7 mmol/l.

Conclusion. The presence of sarcopenia in patients with CAD was associated with severe proatherogenic disorders of the lipid profile of the blood. Hypercholesterolemia is an additional predictive factor in reducing muscle mass.

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