Периваскулярная жировая ткань и атеросклероз: фенотипические особенности и терапевтический потенциал

Настоящий обзор посвящен анализу данных по изучению эндокринной функции периваскулярной жировой ткани (ПВЖТ), ее роли в синтезе и секреции гормонов адипоцитов – адипокинов (лептина, адипонектина, резистина). Отражены результаты исследований о возможных системных и локальных эффектах ПВЖТ. Продемонстрированы данные о фенотипической принадлежности ПВЖТ, особенностях ее эндокринной и паракринной функций. Про- и противовоспалительные агенты, выделяемые ПВЖТ, влияют на васкулярное здоровье и вовлечены в патогенетические механизмы развития атеросклероза. Обобщены современные данные о том, что ПВЖТ относится к особым типам жировой ткани с точки зрения как функциональности, происхождения, так и роли в развитии сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, провоцируемых ожирением. В целом ПВЖТ может рассматриваться в качестве перспективной фармакологической мишени для профилактики сердечно-сосудистых рисков, связанных с этими заболеваниями.

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