Arterial hypertension in men aged 35–74 years living in rural areas of the Novosibirsk region

Aim – to study the incidence of arterial hypertension (HTN) and its risk factors, treatment coverage, its structure and effectiveness in men aged 35–74 years living in rural areas of the Novosibirsk region.

Material and methods. In 2021–2023, a simultaneous examination of men and women assigned to the therapeutic sites of the central district hospitals of the Ordynsky and Kochenevsky districts of the Novosibirsk Region was conducted on the basis of the NIITPM branch of the ICiG SB RAS. A total of 600 people aged 35–74 years were examined. The analysis included all men in the number of 300 people. All the surveyed were divided into 4 age groups: 35–44 years old (n = 33), 45–54 years old (n = 50), 55–64 years old (n = 109), 65–74 years old (n = 108). The median age of the participants was 62.0 years [53.3;67.0]. HTN was verified when systolic blood pressure was at least 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure was at least 90 mmHg. art., as well as in cases of regular use of antihypertensive drugs.

Results. The incidence of HTN among men living in rural areas of the Novosibirsk region was 69.3 %. Men with HTN were 2.8 times more likely to have obesity (p = 0.0001), abdominal obesity was 2 times more common (p = 0.0001), and hyperglycemia was 2.3 times more common (p < 0.005), compared with men without HTN. In addition, men with HTN had 1.1 times higher fasting plasma glucose levels (p = 0.0001), and they were 1.6 times less likely to smoke (p = 0.0001) than men without HTN. The awareness of men about their HTN was 91.8 %. Among men with HTN, 79.8 % took antihypertensive drugs. The structure of antihypertensive therapy consisted of: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors – 41.6 %, angiotensin receptor blockers – 50.6 %, calcium channel blockers – 25.9 %, diuretics – 38.0 %, beta blockers – 26.5 %. Effective control of HTN was achieved in 16.3 % of the surveyed men taking antihypertensive drugs. In men with HTN, treatment ineffectiveness was positively associated with hypercholesterolemia. At the same time, a negative association of treatment ineffectiveness with fasting plasma glucose levels was revealed.

Conclusions. The incidence of HTN among men living in rural areas of the Novosibirsk region has reached quite high values. Obesity, abdominal obesity, and elevated fasting plasma glucose prevailed among the risk factors. Awareness and coverage of treatment were at a high level, while the effective control of HTN were insufficient. It was found that in men with HTN, treatment inefficiency was directly associated with hypercholesterolemia.

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