aterosklerozАтеросклерозAteroscleroz2078-256X2949-3633НИИТПМ-филиал ИЦиГ СО РАН10.52727/2078-256X-2022-18-1-14-32ateroskleroz-613Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИORIGINAL ARTICLESФакторы риска сердечно-сосудистых и хронических неинфекционных заболеваний и 9-летняя динамика когнитивных функций в популяции при старенииRisk factors of cardiovascular and chronic non-communicable diseases and 9-year dynamics of cognitive functions in an ageing populationhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6539-0466МалютинаС. К.MalyutinaS. K.

Софья Константиновна Малютина, д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. лабораторией этиопатогенеза и клиники внутренних заболеваний

630089, г. Новосибирск, ул. Бориса Богаткова, 175/1

Sofia K. Malyutina, doctor of medical sciences, professor, laboratory of etiopathogenesis and clinics of internal diseases

630089, Novosibirsk, Boris Bogatkov str., 175/1

smalyutina@hotmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2631-8485ТитаренкоА. В.TitarenkoA. V.

Анастасия Викторовна Титаренко, аспирант, научный сотрудник лаборатории этиопатогенеза и клиники внутренних заболеваний

630089, Россия, г. Новосибирск, ул. Бориса Богаткова, 175/1

Anastasiia V. Titarenko, graduate student, researcher, laboratory of etiopathogenesis and clinics of internal diseases

630089, Novosibirsk, Boris Bogatkov str., 175/1

titav@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0511-1290ШишкинС. В.ShishkinS. V.

Сергей Владимирович Шишкин, канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клинико-популяционных и профилактических исследований терапевтических и эндокринных заболеваний,

630089, Россия, г. Новосибирск, ул. Бориса Богаткова, 175/1

Sergei V. Shishkin, candidate of medical sciences, senior researcher, laboratory of clinical, population and preventive research of therapeutic and endocrine diseases

630089, Novosibirsk, Boris Bogatkov str., 175/1

shishkin.s@ngs.ruЩербаковаЛ. В.ShcherbakovaL. V.

Лилия Валерьевна Щербакова, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клинико-популяционных и профилактических исследований терапевтических и эндокринных заболеваний

630089, Россия, г. Новосибирск, ул. Бориса Богаткова, 175/1

Lilia V. Shcherbakova, senior researcher, laboratory of clinical, population and preventive research of therapeutic and endocrine diseases

630089, Novosibirsk, Boris Bogatkov str., 175/1

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0415-6478МаздороваЕ. В.MazdorovaE. V.

Екатерина Викторовна Маздорова, канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории этиопатогенеза и клиники внутренних заболеваний

630089, Россия, г. Новосибирск, ул. Бориса Богаткова, 175/1

Ekaterina V. Mazdorova, candidate of medical sciences, researcher, laboratory of etiopathogenesis and clinics of internal diseases

630089, Novosibirsk, Boris Bogatkov str., 175/1

mazdorova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2470-2133ДенисоваД. В.DenisovaD. V.

Диана Вахтанговна Денисова, д-р мед. наук, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории профилактической медицины

630089, Россия, г. Новосибирск, ул. Бориса Богаткова, 175/1

Diana V. Denisova, doctor of medical sciences, leading researcher, laboratory of preventive medicine

630089, Novosibirsk, Boris Bogatkov str., 175/1

denisovadiana@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6537-1353HubacekJ. A.HubacekJ. A.

Jaroslav Alois Hubacek, доктор философии, Центр экспериментальной медицины

14021, Прага, Виденска, 1958/9

Jaroslav A. Hubacek, MD, PhD, Experimental Medicine Centre

14021, Prague, Videnska, 1958/9

ahb@ikem.czhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2633-6851BobakМ.BobakM.

Martin Bobak, доктор философии, проф.

Торрингтон Плейс 1-19, WC1E 6BTL, Лондон

Martin Bobak, MD, PhD, professor, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care

Torrington Place, 1-19, WC1E6BT, London

m.bobak@ucl.ac.ukНаучно-исследовательский институт терапии и профилактической медицины – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»Research Institutе of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesИнститут клинической и экспериментальной медициныInstitute for Clinical and Experimental MedicineУниверситетский Колледж ЛондонаUniversity College London2022300320221811432Copyright © Малютина С.К., Титаренко А.В., Шишкин С.В., Щербакова Л.В., Маздорова Е.В., Денисова Д.В., Hubacek J.A., Bobak М., 20222022Малютина С.К., Титаренко А.В., Шишкин С.В., Щербакова Л.В., Маздорова Е.В., Денисова Д.В., Hubacek J.A., Bobak М.Malyutina S.K., Titarenko A.V., Shishkin S.V., Shcherbakova L.V., Mazdorova E.V., Denisova D.V., Hubacek J.A., Bobak M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ateroskleroz.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/613

Цель исследования – в 9-летнем наблюдении изучить связи факторов риска (ФР) сердечно-сосудистых (ССЗ) и хронических неинфекционных заболеваний (ХНИЗ) и их изменений за 9 лет с динамикой когнитивных функций (КФ) в российской популяционной выборке при старении. Материал и методы. Исследование выполнено на материале случайной популяционной выборки мужчин и женщин 45–69 лет, обследованной исходно в 2003–2005 гг. (n = 9360, Новосибирск, проект HAPIEE) и дважды обследованной повторно. В анализ включена подвыборка лиц, имеющих двукратные измерения КФ (n = 3153). Средний период наблюдения 9,2 ± 0,7 года (от возраста 47–74 до 55–84 лет). Проводили повторную оценку ФР, истории и лечения ССЗ и ХНИЗ и показателей КФ (памяти, семантической речевой активности и концентрации внимания). Оценивали ассоциации 9-летнего регресса КФ с базовым уровнем ФР и их 9-летней динамикой с помощью линейной и логистической регрессии. Результаты. В обследованной выборке степень 9-летнего регресса показателей КФ ассоциировалась с высоким базовым уровнем систолического артериального давления (р = 0,005) и глюкозы плазмы натощак (ГП) (р = 0,003), низкой величиной индекса массы тела (ИМТ) (р = 0,011) у мужчин и курением (р = 0,037) у женщин в возрасте 47–74 лет. Регресс показателей КФ ассоциировался со снижением за 9 лет содержания общего холестерина крови (р = 0,027), с сохранением статуса курящего (р = 0,032) у мужчин, уменьшением ИМТ (р = 0,024 и 0,012) у женщин, со снижением средней разовой дозы алкоголя (р = 0,005 и р = 0,014) у женщин и приростом дозы алкоголя у мужчин (р = 0,049). Независимыми предикторами низких проспективных показателей различных доменов КФ в возрасте 55–84 лет являлись базовый уровень ГП выше 5,95 ммоль/л (р = 0,013 и 0,044), ИМТ 24,2 кг/м2  и менее (р = 0,016 и р = 0,023), курение в прошлом (р = 0,007) у мужчин и статус непьющих у женщин (р = 0,005 и р = 0,004).Заключение. В обследованной выборке выявлены ассоциации модифицируемых ФР ССЗ и ХНИЗ и их изменений за 9 лет со степенью возрастного регресса КФ. Полученные данные могут быть использованы для профилактики когнитивных нарушений.

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the level of risk factors (RF) of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD) and their changes over 9 years with the dynamics of indicators of cognitive function (CF) in an ageing population.Material and methods. The study was based on a random population sample of men and women aged 45–69 years old examined at baseline in 2003–2005 (n = 9360, Novosibirsk, HAPIEE project). Present analysis included a subsample of persons with repeated CF measurements (n = 3153). The average follow-up period was 9.2 ± 0.7 years (from 47–74 to 55–84 years). Repeated measurements of RF, history and treatment of CVD and NCDs, indicators of CF (memory, semantic verbal fluency, attention and processing speed) were done. The associations between 9-year regression of CF and the baseline level of RF and their 9-year dynamics were evaluated in linear and logistic regression.Results. In the studied population sample the extent of 9-year regress of CFs was associated with baseline high level of systolic blood pressure (p = 0.005) and fasting blood glucose (FG) (p = 0.003), low body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.011) in men and smoking (p = 0.037) in women aged 47–74 years old. Regarding the difference between baseline and prospective level of RF in 9 years, the regress of CF was associated with decrease of total cholesterol value (p = 0.027), continued smoking (p = 0.032) in men, decrease of BMI (p = 0.024 and p = 0.012) in women decrease of the average dose of alcohol per session (p = 0.005 and p = 0.014) in women, and increase of the average dose of alcohol in men (p = 0.049). Independent predictors of low prospective value of different CF scores at age of 55–84, were the baseline level of FG above 5.95 mmol/l (p = 0.013 and p = 0.044), the level of BMI equal or lower 24.2 kg/m2  (p = 0.016 and p = 0.023), former smoking (p = 0.007) in men, and non-drinking status in women (p = 0.005 and p = 0.004). Conclusions. In studied population we identified the associations between modifiable risk factors of CVD and chronic NCD and their changes during 9-year follow-up, and the extent of age-related regress of CF. These findings might have an implication in prevention of cognitive impairment.

факторы риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеванийкогнитивные функциистарениеrisk factors for cardiovascular diseasescognitive functionsageingАвторы выражают благодарность Е.Г. Веревкину за участие в подготовке баз данных и H. Pikhart, A. Peasey, M. Holmes, D. Stefler за советы при планировании статьи и обсуждении результатов. С.К. Малютина, А.В. Титаренко, С.В. Шишкин, Л.В. Щербакова, Е.В. Маздорова, Д.В. Денисова поддержаны РАН (ГЗ № 122031700094-5). Проект HAPIEE поддержан грантами WT081081AIA и NIA (1R01AG23522-01); текущий этап поддержан грантом РНФ №20-15-00371. Настоящий анализ поддержан грантом РФФИ № 20-313-90016.The authors are grateful to E.G. Verevkin for help in databases management and H. Pikhart, A. Peasey, M. Holmes, D. Stefler for advice on planning the article and discussion the results. S.K. Malyutina, A.V. Titarenko, S.V. Shishkin, L.V. Shcherbakova, E.V. Mazdorova, D.V. Denisova were supported by the Russian Academy of Science, State Assignment (№ 122031700094-5). 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.