aterosklerozАтеросклерозAteroscleroz2078-256X2949-3633НИИТПМ-филиал ИЦиГ СО РАН10.52727/2078-256X-2021-17-3-106-119ateroskleroz-524Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSРоль тромбоцитов в патогенезе атеросклерозаThe role of platelets in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosishttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1103-5001НиколаеваТ. О.NikolaevaT. O.

Татьяна Олеговна Николаева, канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, доцент по специальности «Кардиология» 

170100, Россия, Тверь, ул. Советская, 4

Tatyana O. Nikolaeva, аssociate professor of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Associate Professor in the specialty «Cardiology», candidate of medical sciences 

170100, Russia, Tver, Sovetskaya str., 4

tabo051610@gmail.comФГБОУ ВО «Тверской государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииРоссияTver State Medical University of Minzdrav of RussiaRussian Federation202112102021173106119Copyright © Николаева Т.О., 20212021Николаева Т.О.Nikolaeva T.O.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ateroskleroz.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/524

Участие тромбоцитов в развитии атеротромбоза при острых формах сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний общепризнано и достаточно хорошо исследовано, в то время как их значение в патогенезе атеросклероза сосудов, начиная с самых ранних стадий, требует дальнейшего изучения. В настоящей статье проведен анализ роли тромбоцитов в патогенезе атеросклероза. Рассмотрены современные взгляды на патогенез атеросклероза, тромбоцитарно-эндотелиальные взаимодействия, молекулярные механизмы активации тромбоцитов, иммунная функция тромбоцитов с точки зрения начальных стадий атерогенеза, исследования эффекта антитромбоцитарной терапии в первичной и вторичной профилактике атеросклероза. Обозначена ведущая роль тромбоцитов в воспалительных и иммунных реакциях организма человека, которая реализуется за счет комплекса иммунных рецепторов, молекул адгезии и медиаторов.

The participation of platelets in the development of atherothrombosis in acute forms of cardiovascular diseases is generally recognized and well studied, while their significance in the pathogenesis of vascular atherosclerosis, starting from the earliest stages, requires further study. This article analyzes the role of platelets in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Modern views on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, platelet-endothelial interactions, molecular mechanisms of platelet activation, platelet immune function from the point of view of the initial stages of atherogenesis, studies of the effect of antiplatelet therapy in primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerosis are considered. The leading role of platelets in the inflammatory and immune reactions of the human body is indicated, which is realized due to a complex of immune receptors, adhesion molecules and mediators.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.