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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ateroskleroz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Атеросклероз</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ateroscleroz</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-256X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-3633</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИИТПМ-филиал ИЦиГ СО РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52727/2078-256X-2025-21-4-381-393</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ateroskleroz-1146</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Атеросклероз различных локализаций у пациентов с синдромом обструктивного апноэ сна: особенности развития и клинический прогноз</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Atherosclerosis of various localizations in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: development features and clinical prognosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4763-0961</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovlev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Владимирович Яковлев, д-р мед. наук, рук. Кардиоцентра</p><p>630003, г. Новосибирск, Владимировский спуск, 2а;</p><p>профессор кафедры терапии, гематологии и трансфузиологии</p><p>630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный пр., 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Yakovlev, doctor of medical sciences, head</p><p>2a, Vladimirovsky spusk, Novosibirsk, 630003;</p><p>professor of department of therapy, hematology and transfusiology</p><p>52, Krasny ave., Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alex-yak-card@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0721-0038</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тепляков</surname><given-names>А. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Teplyakov</surname><given-names>A. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Трофимович Тепляков, д-р мед. наук, проф., заслуженный деятель науки РФ, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>634012, г.Томск, ул. Киевская, 111А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr T. Teplyakov, MD, PhD, DSc, professor, Chief Researcher</p><p>111a, Kievskaya st., Tomsk, 634012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vgelen1970@gmail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4019-3735</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гракова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grakova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Викторовна Гракова, д-р мед. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения патологии миокарда</p><p>634012, г.Томск, ул. Киевская, 111А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Grakova, MD, PhD, DSc, leading researcher, department of myocardial pathology</p><p>111a, Kievskaya st., Tomsk, 634012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gev@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7777-6419</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилов</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Николаевич Шилов, д-р мед. наук, проф. кафедры патологической физиологии и клинической патофизиологии</p><p>630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный пр., 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey N. Shilov, doctor of medical sciences, professor of department of pathological physiology and clinical pathophysiology</p><p>52, Krasny ave., Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">newsib54@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3247-2056</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уженцева</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Uzhentseva</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Милана Сергеевна Уженцева, врач-невролог</p><p>630054, г. Новосибирск, ул. Титова, 18</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Milana S. Uzhentseva, MD , nevrologist</p><p>18, Titova st., Novosibirsk, 630054</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">efimova.milana2018@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1351-9846</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуляева</surname><given-names>К. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guliaeva</surname><given-names>K. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ксения Константиновна Гуляева, канд. мед. наук, врач-сосудистый хирург</p><p>630003, г. Новосибирск, Владимировский спуск, 2а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kseniya K. Guliaeva, MD, vascular surgeon of the cardiac</p><p>2a, Vladimirovsky spusk, Novosibirsk, 630003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">guliaeva.kk@med54.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4736-6486</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлева</surname><given-names>Н. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovlevа</surname><given-names>N. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Фаритовна Яковлева, канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры поликлинической терапии и общей врачебной практик</p><p>630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный пр., 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia F. Yakovlevа, MD, associate professor of department department of policlinic therapy and general medical practice</p><p>52, Krasny ave., Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yakovlevanf@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5380-9434</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гафарова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gafarova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Альмира Валерьевна Гафарова, канд. мед. наук, врач-гастроэнтеролог, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории психологических и социологических проблем терапевтических заболеваний</p><p>630089, г. Новосибирск, ул. Бориса Богаткова, 175/1</p><p>630003, г. Новосибирск, Владимировский спуск, 2а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Almira V. Gafarova, M.D., Ph.D., gastroenterologist</p><p>2a, Vladimirovsky spusk, Novosibirsk, 630003;</p><p>senior researcher of the Laboratory of Psychological and Sociological Aspects of Disease</p><p>175/1, Boris Bogatkov st., Novosibirsk, 630089</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g.alma77@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5563-2983</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гребенкина</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grebenkina</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Аркадьевна Гребенкина, канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры поликлинической терапии и общей врачебной практики</p><p>630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный пр., 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Grebenkina, MD, associate professor of Department of Policlinic Therapy and General Medical Practice</p><p>52, Krasny ave., Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">quaf@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЧУЗ клиническая больница «РЖД-Медицина»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>СHUZ Сlinical Рospital «RZD-Medicine»;&#13;
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Novosibirsk State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт кардиологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Medical Center</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Novosibirsk State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ НСО «Городская клиническая больница» № 34 Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный исследовательский центр»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital № 34</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЧУЗ клиническая больница «РЖД-Медицина»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>СHUZ Сlinical Рospital «RZD-Medicine»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЧУЗ клиническая больница «РЖД-Медицина»;&#13;
Научно-исследовательский институт терапии и профилактической медицины – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>СHUZ Сlinical Рospital «RZD-Medicine»;&#13;
Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>381</fpage><lpage>393</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Яковлев А.В., Тепляков А.Т., Гракова Е.В., Шилов С.Н., Уженцева М.С., Гуляева К.К., Яковлева Н.Ф., Гафарова А.В., Гребенкина И.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Яковлев А.В., Тепляков А.Т., Гракова Е.В., Шилов С.Н., Уженцева М.С., Гуляева К.К., Яковлева Н.Ф., Гафарова А.В., Гребенкина И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yakovlev A.V., Teplyakov A.T., Grakova E.V., Shilov S.N., Uzhentseva M.S., Guliaeva K.K., Yakovlevа N.F., Gafarova A.V., Grebenkina I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ateroskleroz.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1146">https://ateroskleroz.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1146</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования. Оценить динамику атеросклеротических изменений магистральных, коронарных и периферических артерий и биохимических показателей липидного профиля у пациентов с синдромом обструктивного апноэ сна (СОАС) в зависимости от степени тяжести дыхательных расстройств и изучить их возможное влияние на клинический прогноз.Материал и методы. В исследование включены 60 мужчин, работники железнодорожного транспорта с ожирением и артериальной гипертензией. По результатам полисомнографического исследования участники были поделены на две группы: первую составили работники с индексом апноэ/гипопноэ (ИАГ) ≤ 15 в час, вторую – с ИАГ&gt;15 в час. Всем участникам исходно определялись биохимические показатели липидного профиля, выполнялись УЗИ-доплерография брахиоцефальных артерий (БЦА) и артерий нижних конечностей, функциональные нагрузочные тесты и при наличии показаний – коронароангиография. Далее следовал период наблюдения пациентов в течение трех лет, в течение которого оценивались клинические исходы: сердечно-сосудистая смертность, нефатальные инфаркты миокарда, инсульты, повторные госпитализации по причине сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, также учитывалась необходимость хирургической реваскуляризации и регистрация случаев впервые выявленного сахарного диабета.Результаты. Обнаружены статистически значимые различия между исследуемыми группами по основным параметрам липидного профиля с преобладанием его атерогенных фракций во второй группе: холестерина липопротеинов низкой плотности (ХС ЛПНП) (р = 0,01 [95 % доверительный интервал (ДИ): –0.86; –0.11]), триглицеридов (ТГ) (р = 0,04 [95 % ДИ: –0,89; –0,09]) и холестерина не-липопротеинов высокой плотности (р = 0,03 [95 % ДИ: –0,67; –0,04]). Частота регистрации сахарного диабета, манифестации коронарного атеросклероза, атеросклероза брахиоцефальных артерий, мультифокального атеросклероза, повторных госпитализаций была также значимо выше во второй группе. Наибольшую прогностическую значимость в отношении риска развития системного атеросклероза продемонстрировали показатели ИАГ, уровень ХС ЛПНП и значения индекса инсулинорезистентности METS-IR.Заключение. Тяжесть нарушений дыхания во сне ассоциируется с лабораторными и клиническими признаками прогрессирования атеросклероза, что указывает на вероятную патогенетическую взаимосвязь СОАС и атеросклероза.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. To evaluate the dynamics of atherosclerotic changes in the main, coronary and peripheral arteries and biochemical parameters of the lipid profile in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) depending on the severity of respiratory disorders and to study their possible impact on the clinical prognosis.Material and methods. The study included 60 male railway workers with obesity and arterial hypertension. Based on the results of the polysomnographic study, the participants were divided into 2 groups: the first consisted of workers with an apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) ≤ 15 per hour, the second – with AHI&gt; 15 per hour. All participants initially underwent biochemical lipid profile determination, ultrasound Dopplerography of the brachiocephalic arteries (BCA) and arteries of the lower extremities, functional load tests and, if indicated, coronary angiography. Then, the patients were monitored for 3 years and the clinical outcomes were retrospectively assessed: cardiovascular mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarctions, strokes, rehospitalizations due to cardiovascular diseases, the need for surgical revascularization and registration of cases of newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus were also taken into account.Results. Statistically significant differences were found between the study groups in the main parameters of the lipid profile with a predominance of its atherogenic fractions in the second group: LDL-С (p = 0.01 [95 % CI: –0.86; –0.11]), TG (p = 0.04 [95 % CI: –0.89; 0.09]) and non-HDL-С (p = 0.03 [95 % CI: –0.67; –0.04]). The frequency of diabetes mellitus, manifestations of coronary atherosclerosis, atherosclerosis of the brachiocephalic arteries, multifocal atherosclerosis, and repeated hospitalizations was also significantly higher in the second group. The highest prognostic value for the risk of developing systemic atherosclerosis was demonstrated by the AHI, LDL-С level, and METS-IR insulin resistance index.Conclusions. The severity of sleep breathing disorders is associated with laboratory and clinical signs of atherosclerosis progression, which indicates a pathogenetic relationship between OSA and atherosclerosis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром обструктивного апноэ сна (СОАС)</kwd><kwd>атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>полисомнография</kwd><kwd>каротидные артерии</kwd><kwd>инсулинорезистентность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS)</kwd><kwd>atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>polysomnography</kwd><kwd>carotid arteries</kwd><kwd>insulin resistance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ионин В.А., Павлова В.А., Баранова Е.И. 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