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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ateroskleroz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Атеросклероз</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ateroscleroz</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-256X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-3633</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИИТПМ-филиал ИЦиГ СО РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52727/2078-256X-2025-21-4-368-380</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ateroskleroz-1145</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Варианты в генах LDLR и APOB у пациентов с семейной гиперхолестеринемией в Республике Саха (Якутия)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Variants in the LDLR and the APOB genes in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0773-3744</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Владимировна Павлова, кардиолог Центра предиктивной медицины и биоинформатики</p><p>677027, Республика Саха (Якутия), г. Якутск, ул. Горького, 94, Якутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Pavlova, chief cardiologist of center for predictive medicine and bioinformatics</p><p>94, Gorkogo st., Yakutsk, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), 677027</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pavlovaav11@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8362-9748</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Местникова</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mestnikova</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саргылана Семеновна Местникова, кардиолог Центра предиктивной медицины и биоинформатики</p><p>677027, Республика Саха (Якутия), г. Якутск, ул. Горького, 94, Якутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sargylana S. Mestnikova, chief cardiologist of center for predictive medicine and bioinformatics</p><p>94, Gorkogo st., Yakutsk, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), 677027</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Sargysem30@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7294-1747</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эверстова</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Everstova</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Селена Семеновна Эверстова, ассистент кафедры «Госпитальная терапия, профессиональные заболеваний и клиническая фармакология» Медицинского института</p><p>677000, Республика Саха (Якутия), г. Якутск, ул. Белинского, 58;</p><p>врач-терапевт Центра предуктивной медицины и биоинформатики</p><p>677027, Республика Саха (Якутия), г. Якутск, ул. Горького, 94, Якутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Selena S. Everstova, assistant of department of hospital therapy, occupational diseases and clinical pharmacology of Medical institute</p><p>58, Belinskogo st., Yakutsk, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), 677000;</p><p>therapist of center for predictive medicine and bioinformatics</p><p>94, Gorkogo st., Yakutsk, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), 677027</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">selenaverstova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5378-2128</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асекритова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Asekritova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александра Степановна Асекритова, зав. Центром предиктивной медицины и биоинформатики</p><p>677027, Республика Саха (Якутия), г. Якутск, ул. Горького, 94, Якутск;</p><p>доцент кафедры «Внутренние болезни и общей врачебной подготовки (семейная медицина)» Медицинского института</p><p>677000, Республика Саха (Якутия), г. Якутск, ул. Белинского, 58</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra S. Asekritova, head of center for predictive medicine and bioinformatics</p><p>94, Gorkogo st., Yakutsk, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), 677027;</p><p>сandidate of medical sciences, associate professor of the Department of therapy, Institute of Medicine</p><p>58, Belinskogo st., Yakutsk, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), 677000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">my@asekritova-8.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5499-9524</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Татаринова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tatarinova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Викторовна Татаринова, глав. врач, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>677027, Республика Саха (Якутия), г. Якутск, ул. Горького, 94, Якутск</p><p>677000, Республика Саха (Якутия), г. Якутск, ул. Ярославского, 6/3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Tatarinova, PhD, MD, chief physician;</p><p>Leading researcher</p><p>94, Gorkogo st., Yakutsk, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), 677027;</p><p>6/3, Yaroslavskaya st., Yakutsk, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), 677000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tov3568@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5474-891X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кылбанова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kylbanova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Семеновна Кылбанова, д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. кафедрой «Внутренние болезни и общей врачебной подготовки (семейная медицина)»</p><p>677000, Республика Саха (Якутия), г. Якутск, ул. Белинского, 58</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena S. Kylbanova, PhD, MD, head of the Department of therapy</p><p>58, Belinskogo st., Yakutsk, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), 677000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0403-545X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванощук</surname><given-names>Д. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanoshchuk</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Динара Евгеньевна Иванощук, научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярно-генетических исследований терапевтических, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной генетики человека</p><p>630090, г. Новосибирск, пр. Академика Лаврентьева,10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dinara E. Ivanoshchuk, junior researcher at the laboratory of human molecular genetics</p><p>10, Akademika Lavrentyeva ave., Novosibirsk, 630090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dinara2084@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7846-7933</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зорина</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zorina</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валентина Валентиновна Зорина, младший научный сотрудник сектора изучения моногенных форм распространенных заболеваний</p><p>630090, г. Новосибирск, пр. Академика Лаврентьева,10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina V. Zorina, junior researcher at the laboratory of the study of monogenic forms of common human diseases</p><p>10, Akademika Lavrentyeva ave., Novosibirsk, 630090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">walentina.zorina@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3999-8501</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семаев</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semaev</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Евгеньевич Семаев, младший научный сотрудник сектора изучения моногенных форм распространенных заболеваний</p><p>630090, г. Новосибирск, пр. Академика Лаврентьева,10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey S. Semaev, junior researcher at the laboratory of the study of monogenic forms of common human diseases</p><p>10, Akademika Lavrentyeva ave., Novosibirsk, 630090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">semaev@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6108-1025</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шахтшнейдер</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shakhtshneider</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Владимировна Шахтшнейдер, д-р мед. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, зав. сектором изучения моногенных форм распространенных заболеваний человека</p><p>630090, г. Новосибирск, пр. Академика Лаврентьева,10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Shakhtshneider, PhD, MD, leading researcher, head of the laboratory of the study of monogenic forms of common human diseases</p><p>10, Akademika Lavrentyeva ave., Novosibirsk, 630090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shakhtshneyderev@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное автономное учреждение республики Саха (Якутия) «Республиканская клиническая больница №3»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Government Autonomous Institution of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Republican Clinical Hospital No.3</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Северо-Восточный федеральный университет имени М.К. Аммосова»;&#13;
Государственное автономное учреждение республики Саха (Якутия) «Республиканская клиническая больница №3»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “M.K. Ammosov Northeastern Federal University”;&#13;
Government Autonomous Institution of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Republican Clinical Hospital No.3</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное автономное учреждение республики Саха (Якутия) «Республиканская клиническая больница №3»;&#13;
Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Северо-Восточный федеральный университет имени М.К. Аммосова»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Government Autonomous Institution of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Republican Clinical Hospital No.3;&#13;
Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “M.K. Ammosov Northeastern Federal University”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное автономное учреждение республики Саха (Якутия) «Республиканская клиническая больница №3»;&#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Якутский научный центр комплексных медицинских проблем»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Government Autonomous Institution of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Republican Clinical Hospital No.3;&#13;
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Yakutsk Scientific Center for Complex Medical Problems”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Северо-Восточный федеральный университет имени М.К. Аммосова»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “M.K. Ammosov Northeastern Federal University”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>368</fpage><lpage>380</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Павлова А.В., Местникова С.С., Эверстова С.С., Асекритова А.С., Татаринова О.В., Кылбанова Е.С., Иванощук Д.Е., Зорина В.В., Семаев С.Е., Шахтшнейдер Е.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Павлова А.В., Местникова С.С., Эверстова С.С., Асекритова А.С., Татаринова О.В., Кылбанова Е.С., Иванощук Д.Е., Зорина В.В., Семаев С.Е., Шахтшнейдер Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pavlova A.V., Mestnikova S.S., Everstova S.S., Asekritova A.S., Tatarinova O.V., Kylbanova E.S., Ivanoshchuk D.E., Zorina V.V., Semaev S.S., Shakhtshneider E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ateroskleroz.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1145">https://ateroskleroz.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1145</self-uri><abstract><p>В Российской Федерации молекулярно-генетические исследования семейной гиперхолестеринемии (СГХС) проводятся в разных регионах страны на протяжении нескольких десятилетий. Ограничение этнического разнообразия в выборках пациентов с СГХС не позволяет оценить весь спектр вариабельности генов, приводящих к развитию данного заболевания у населения России. Целью данной работы был анализ вариабельности генов LDLR и APOB у пациентов с фенотипом семейной гиперхолестеринемии Республики Саха (Якутия).Материал и методы. Группа пациентов из 48 человек с СГХС сформирована в кабинете для пациентов с нарушением липидного обмена ГАУ РС(Я) Республиканской клинической больницы № 3, г. Якутск. Диагноз СГХС был поставлен с использованием клинических липидных критериев (Dutch Lipid Clinic Network Criteria). Пациентам проведено клиническое обследование, ультразвуковая диагностика, выполнен забор крови для биохимического и молекулярно-генетического исследования. Идентификацию вариантов у индексных пациентов и сегрегационный анализ среди доступных членов семьи проводили методом прямого автоматического секвенирования по Сэнгеру промотора и всех экзонов гена LDLR и 26-го экзона гена APOB.Результаты. У трех индексных пациентов с фенотипом СГХС определены патогенные варианты в гене LDLR. При проведении сегрегационного анализа в семьях индексных пациентов идентифицированы три случая носительства варианта rs121908038 в гене LDLR у родственников пациентов. По результатам прямого автоматического секвенирования 26-го экзона гена APOB у одного из обследованных пациентов и трех его родственников определен патогенный вариант rs5742904.Заключение. Секвенирование гена рецептора липопротеинов низкой плотности и 26-го экзона гена аполипопротеина В у пациентов с фенотипом СГХС Республики Саха (Якутия) позволило диагностировать гетерозиготную форму СГХС у индексных пациентов и их родственников первой линии родства. Патогенные варианты были определены в генах LDLR и APOB.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study. Molecular genetic studies of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) have been conducted in different regions of the Russian Federation for several decades. However, limited ethnic diversity in patient samples does not permit a comprehensive assessment of the full spectrum of gene variability responsible for FH development in the Russian population. The aim of this study was to characterize the molecular heterogeneity of the LDLR and APOB genes in patients with FH phenotype in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).Material and methods. A group of 48 patients with FH was enrolled at the Department of Lipid Disorders, Republican Clinical Hospital No. 3, Yakutsk. FH diagnosis was established using the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (DLCN) Criteria. All patients underwent clinical examination, ultrasonographic evaluation, and blood sampling for biochemical and molecular genetic analyses. Molecular variants in index patients and segregation analysis in available family members were identified using direct automated Sanger sequencing of the LDLR gene promoter and all exons, as well as exon 26 of the APOB gene.Results. Pathogenic variants in the LDLR gene were identified in three index patients with the FH phenotype. Segregation analysis in families of index patients identified three additional carriers of the rs121908038 variant among first-degree relatives. Based on direct automated sequencing of exon 26 of the APOB gene, a pathogenic variant (rs5742904) was identified in one index patient and three of his first-degree relatives.Conclusions. Molecular genetic analysis of the LDLR gene and exon 26 of the APOB gene in patients with the FH phenotype from the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) identified pathogenic variants in two genes. Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia was confirmed in index patients and segregated among first-degree relatives. These findings underscore the importance of genetic testing and family screening in FH diagnosis and management.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>семейная гиперхолестеринемия</kwd><kwd>Республика Саха (Якутия)</kwd><kwd>ген LDLR</kwd><kwd>ген APOB</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>familial hypercholesterolemia</kwd><kwd>Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)</kwd><kwd>LDLR gene</kwd><kwd>APOB gene</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Молекулярно-генетические исследования выполнены в рамках темы Государственного задания FWNR-2025-0006.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was conducted within the framework of the main topic in state assignment FWNR-2025-0006.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ежов М.В., Бажан С.С., Ершова А.И., Мешков А.Н., Соколов А.А., Кухарчук В.В., Гуревич В.С., Воевода М.И., Сергиенко И.В., Шахтшнейдер Е.В., Покровский С.Н., Коновалов Г.А., Леонтьева И.В., Константинов В.О., Щербакова М.Ю., Захарова И.Н., Балахонова Т.В., Филиппов А.Е., Ахмеджанов Н.М., Александрова О.Ю., Липовецкий Б.М. 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