aterosklerozАтеросклерозAteroscleroz2078-256X2949-3633НИИТПМ-филиал ИЦиГ СО РАН10.52727/2078-256X-2025-21-2-180-203ateroskleroz-1119Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWSРоль полисахаридных полимеров в регуляции ангиогенеза и атерогенного воспаления в сосудистой стенке. Обзор литературы. Часть 2The role of polysaccharide polymers in the regulation of angiogenesis and atherogenic inflammation in the vascular wall. Literature review. Part 2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1221-6373БольшаковИ. Н.BolshakovI. N.

Игорь Николаевич Большаков, д-р мед. наук, проф. кафедры оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии

660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1

Igor N. Bolshakov, doctor of medical sciences, professor of the operative surgery and topographic anatomy department

1, Partizana Zheleznyaka st., Krasnoyarsk, 660022

ШиндякинД. В.ShindyakinD. V.

Дмитрий Васильевич Шиндякин, студент педиатрического факультета

660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1

Dmitry V. Shindyakin, student of the pediatric faculty

1, Partizana Zheleznyaka st., Krasnoyarsk, 660022

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5416-7904КириченкоА. К.KirichenkoA. K.

Андрей Константинович Кириченко, д-р мед. наук, проф. кафедры патологической анатомии

660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1

Andrey K. Kirichenko, doctor of medical sciences, professor of the pathological anatomy department

1, Partizana Zheleznyaka st., Krasnoyarsk, 660022

БахшянВ. А.BahshyanV. A.

Валентина Артуровна Бахшян, студент лечебного факультета

660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1

Valentina A. Bahshyan, student of the faculty of medicine

1, Partizana Zheleznyaka st., Krasnoyarsk, 660022

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5839-1732АрхипкинС. В.ArkhipkinS. V.

Сергей Викторович Архипкин, старший преподаватель кафедры оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии

660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1

Sergey V. Arkhipkin, senior lecturer of operative surgery and topographic anatomy department

1, Partizana Zheleznyaka st., Krasnoyarsk, 660022

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации»РоссияKrasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F.Voino-Yasenetsky of Ministry of Health of Russian FederationRussian Federation202509072025212180203Copyright © Большаков И.Н., Шиндякин Д.В., Кириченко А.К., Бахшян В.А., Архипкин С.В., 20252025Большаков И.Н., Шиндякин Д.В., Кириченко А.К., Бахшян В.А., Архипкин С.В.Bolshakov I.N., Shindyakin D.V., Kirichenko A.K., Bahshyan V.A., Arkhipkin S.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ateroskleroz.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1119

Цель исследования. Определить терапевтические возможности локальной активации ангиогенеза и деградации атерогенного воспаления при реконструкции слоев артериальной стенки в условиях широкой имплантации полисахаридных полимеров в пара-адвентициальную зону. Концепция аналитического обзора строится на гипотезе улучшения баланса между провоспалительными и атеропротекторными цитокиновыми факторами роста при использовании биополимеров. Материал и методы. Анализ литературы указывает на активное прямое вмешательство в реконструкцию адвентициального слоя артериальной стенки с использованием гидрогелей полисахаридного ряда с высоким сродством к холестерину, создаются условия для формирования дополнительного внеклеточного матрикса за пределами интимальной и средней зон магистральной артерии и реверсирования холестериновой массы из интимальной зоны в околоадвентициальное пространство. Создание продуктивного воспаления в зоне адвентиции с помощью биополимеров может быть одним из эффективных способов деградации ранних мягких атерогенных бляшек. Публикации указывают на возможность извлечения мягких атерогенных бляшек из интимального пространства магистральных артерий путем широкой имплантации в фасциальный футляр сосудов полисахаридных гидрогелей с образованием внеклеточного матрикса второго уровня. Анализ литературных источников согласно концепции проводился с использованием баз данных, индексируемых WoS, Scopus, PubMed, DOAJ, Embase, Ei Compendex преимущественно за последние 10 лет. Результаты. Литературный обзор позволяет составить современное представление о молекулярных процессах, протекающих в стенке сосуда при развитии атерогенного воспаления в эксперименте на животных, получавших холестериновую диету, указать признаки реконструкции сосудистой стенки при экзогенной имплантации биополимеров. Заключение. В сосудистой стенке существует сопряжение цитокиновых факторов роста с природными или синтетическими биоматериалами. Иммобилизованные факторы будут доступны для клеток, которые вступают в контакт с матрицей, обеспечивая высоколокализованный сигнал для контроля судьбы клеток. Инъекционные каркасы являются многообещающим подходом для стимулирования ангиогенеза. Клеточная миграция из интимы и медии может быть активирована благодаря электростатическому градиенту в присутствии сульфатированного полимера и приводить к образованию аффинных комплексов с холестерином. Высокая аффинность полисахаридных полимеров к холестерину и ЛПНП, активная васкуляризация дополнительного экстраклеточного матрикса провоцируют градиент трансляции холестерина в сторону гидрогелевой «рубашки». Эффект оттока холестерина может обеспечить новый терапевтический подход к патологии магистральных сосудов.

The aim of the study. To determine the therapeutic possibilities of local activation of angiogenesis and degradation of atherogenic inflammation during reconstruction of arterial wall layers under conditions of wide implantation of polysaccharide polymers in the para-adventitial zone. The concept of the analytical review is based on the hypothesis of improving the balance between pro-inflammatory and atheroprotective cytokine growth factors when using biopolymers. Materials and methods. The analysis of the literature indicates an active direct intervention in the reconstruction of the adventitial layer of the arterial wall using polysaccharide hydrogels with a high affinity for cholesterol, conditions are created for the formation of an additional extracellular matrix outside the intimal and middle zones of the main artery and the reversal of the cholesterol mass from the intimal zone to the paraadventitial space. The creation of productive inflammation in the adventitial zone using biopolymers can be one of the effective ways to degrade early soft atherogenic plaques. Publications indicate the possibility of extracting soft atherogenic plaques from the intimal space of major arteries by wide implantation of polysaccharide hydrogels into the fascial sheath of vessels with the formation of a second-level extracellular matrix. The analysis of literary sources according to the concept was carried out using databases indexed by WoS, Scopus, PubMed, DOAJ, Embase, Ei Compendex mainly for the last 10 years. Results. The literature review allows us to form a modern understanding of the molecular processes occurring in the vessel wall during the development of atherogenic inflammation in an experiment on animals receiving a cholesterol diet, to indicate signs of vascular wall reconstruction with exogenous implantation of biopolymers. Conclusions. In the vascular wall, there is a conjugation of cytokine growth factors with natural or synthetic biomaterials. Immobilized factors will be available to cells that come into contact with the matrix, providing a highly localized signal to control cell fate. Injectable scaffolds are a promising approach for stimulating angiogenesis. Cell migration from the intima and media can be activated by an electrostatic gradient in the presence of a sulfated polymer and lead to the formation of affinity complexes with cholesterol. The high affinity of polysaccharide polymers for cholesterol and LDL, active vascularization of the additional extracellular matrix provoke a gradient of cholesterol translation towards the hydrogel “shirt”. The effect of cholesterol outflow can provide a new therapeutic approach to the pathology of the main vessels.

ангиогенезатерогенезфакторы ростабиополимерыадвентицияэкстраклеточный матриксangiogenesisatherogenesisgrowth factorsbiopolymersadventitiaextracellular matrixРабота выполнена при поддержке гранта № 16-44-240506 Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований, гранта № 2022030908453 Красноярского краевого фонда поддержки научной и научно-технической деятельности, гранта Красноярского краевого инновационно-технологического бизнес-инкубатора, инвестиции компании «АльфаХим» (г. Красноярск), компании «Биоимплант» (г. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.