aterosklerozАтеросклерозAteroscleroz2078-256X2949-3633НИИТПМ-филиал ИЦиГ СО РАН10.52727/2078-256X-2024-20-2-162-172ateroskleroz-1055Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWSЛипиды крови при желчнокаменной болезни: ассоциации с факторами рискаBlood lipids in gallstone disease: associations with risk factorshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0069-7744ГригорьеваИ. Н.Grigor’evaI. N.

Ирина Николаевна Григорьева, д-р мед. наук, проф., главный научный сотрудник, проф. отдела

отдел образования

630089; ул. Бориса Богаткова, 175/1; Новосибирск

Scopus Author ID: 7004630757; Web of Science Researcher ID JGE-0324-202; AuthorID: 96089

Irina N. Grigor’eva, doctor of medical sciences, professor, chief researcher

630089; 175/1, Boris Bogatkov str.; Novosibirsk

Scopus Author ID: 7004630757; Web of Science Researcher ID JGE-0324-202; AuthorID: 96089

grigorieva2024@yandex.ruНепомнящихД. Л.NepomnyashchikhD. L.

Давид Львович Непомнящих, д-р мед. наук, проф.

кафедра внутренних болезней

630091; Красный пр., 52; Новосибирск

David L. Nepomnyashchikh, doctor of medical sciences, professor

chair for internal medicine of department of general medicine

630091; 52, Krasny av.; Novosibirsk

dln_nco@mail.ruНаучно-исследовательский институт терапии и профилактической медицины – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»РоссияResearch Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияNovosibirsk State Medical University of Ministry of Health of Russian FederationRussian Federation202404072024202162172Copyright © Григорьева И.Н., Непомнящих Д.Л., 20242024Григорьева И.Н., Непомнящих Д.Л.Grigor’eva I.N., Nepomnyashchikh D.L.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ateroskleroz.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1055

   Цель обзора – представить анализ литературных данных об ассоциации липидов сыворотки крови с наличием желчнокаменной болезни (ЖКБ), а также с основными факторами риска ЖКБ – возрастом, женским полом, ожирением, сахарным диабетом 2 типа (СД2), артериальной гипертензией (АГ).

   В многочисленных работах гипертриглицеридемия (ГТГ), гипохолестеринемия липопротеинов высокой плотности (гипоХС ЛПВП) признаны факторами риска ЖКБ. В 1994–1995 гг. в Новосибирске (проект ВОЗ MONICA), при обследовании популяционной выборки женщин 25–64 лет (n = 870) и мужчин 35–54 лет (n = 399) с верифицированной ЖКБ показано, что значительно чаще ЖКБ встречается среди мужчин и женщин с нарушениями липидного обмена: наибольшая частота ЖКБ отмечена в 4-м квартиле распределения уровня общего холестерина (ОХС) (4,5 % у мужчин и 12,4 % у женщин). Наибольшая частота ЖКБ выявлена в 5-м квинтиле распределения уровней ХС липопротеинов низкой плотности (ХС ЛПНП) (3,8 % у мужчин и 10,9 % у женщин). При вычислении методом наибольшего χ2 у женщин определены уровни ОХС (178 мг/дл), ТГ (177 мг/дл) в крови, при превышении которых значительно возрастает шанс наличия ЖКБ, для ХС ЛПВП модель незначима. Отмечена корреляция между уровнями сывороточных липидов и возрастом, индексом массы тела, наличием СД2 у женщин с ЖКБ, но не у мужчин с ЖКБ. Липидный профиль крови у мужчин и женщин с ЖКБ не ассоциирован с АГ. Большинство авторов признают ЖКБ липид-ассоциированным заболеванием. При этом литературные данные противоречивы: есть мнения об обратной или отсутствующей связи уровней липидов крови с ЖКБ, возможно, из-за различий в дизайне исследований, численности групп, этнической принадлежности субъектов. Другой причиной разнородности результатов может быть тесная корреляция уровней сывороточных липидов с другими факторами риска ЖКБ, что значительно затрудняет дифференцированную оценку их доли участия в процессе камнеобразования. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования вклада липидных факторов в развитие ЖКБ.

   Aim of the review – to present an analysis of the literature data on the association of serum lipids with the presence of gallstone disease (GSD), as well as with the main risk factors for GSD – age, female sex, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), arterial hypertension (AH) over a 50-year period.

   In numerous studies, hypertriglyceridemia (HTH), hypocholesterolemia of high-density lipoproteins (hypo-HDL) have been recognized as risk factors for GSD. In 1994–1995 in Novosibirsk (WHO MONICA project), in a population sample of women aged 25-64 (n = 870) and men aged 35–54 (n = 399) with sonographic diagnoses of GSD, GSD is much more common among men and women with lipid metabolism disorders: the highest frequency of GSD was noted in the 4th quartile of the distribution of total cholesterol (TC) levels (4.5 % for men and 12.4 % for women). For LDL cholesterol, the highest incidence of GSD was noted in the 5th quintile of the distribution (3.8 % in men and 10.9 % in women). When calculating by the largest χ2 method in women, the levels of TC (178 mg/dl), TG (177 mg/dl) in the blood were determined, exceeding which significantly increases the chance of GSD, for HDL cholesterol (68.5 mg/dl) the model is insignificant. There was a correlation between blood lipids and age, BMI, and DM2 in women with GSD, but not in men with GSD. The lipid profile in patients with GSD is not associated with AH. Most authors recognize GSD as a lipid-associated disease. However, the literature data are contradictory: there are opinions about a direct, inverse or absent association of blood lipids with GSD, perhaps due to differences in the design, size, and ethnicity of the subjects, as well as since the level of serum lipids is closely correlated with other risk factors for GSD, which significantly complicates the differentiated assessment of their contribution to the process of gallstone formation. Further studies of the contribution of lipid factors to the development of GSD are needed.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.