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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ateroskleroz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Атеросклероз</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ateroscleroz</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-256X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-3633</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИИТПМ-филиал ИЦиГ СО РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52727/2078-256X-2023-19-4-340-349</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ateroskleroz-1006</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности госпитального и отдаленного периодов инфаркта миокарда у коморбидных мужчин и женщин моложе 60 лет</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hospital and long-term periods of myocardial infarction in comorbid men and women under 60 years</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0954-9270</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зыков</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zykov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Валерьевич Зыков - доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории нейрососудистой патологии отдела клинической кардиологии; доцент кафедры медицинской реабилитации, ResearcherID N-9272-2016.</p><p>650002, Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, 6; 350063, Краснодар, ул. им. Митрофана Седина, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail V. Zykov - doctor of medical sciences, leading researcher, laboratory of neurovascular pathology, department of clinical cardiology; associate professor of the department of medical rehabilitation, ResearcherID N-9272-2016.</p><p>6, Sosnoviy bul’var, Kemerovo, 650002; 4, Mitrofan Sedin str., Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mvz83@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7058-2008</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Седых</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sedykh</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дарья Юрьевна Седых - кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории патологии кровообращения отдела клинической кардиологии.</p><p>650002, Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Darya Yu. Sedykh, candidate of medical sciences, researcher, laboratory of circulatory pathology, department of clinical cardiology.</p><p>6, Sosnoviy bul’var, Kemerovo, 650002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">md-sedih@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-3610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барбараш</surname><given-names>О. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barbarash</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Леонидовна Барбараш - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, директор.</p><p>650002, Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga L. Barbarash, doctor of medical sciences, professor, academician of the russian academy of science, director.</p><p>6, Sosnoviy bul’var, Kemerovo, 650002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olb61@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний»; Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases; Kuban State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>340</fpage><lpage>349</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зыков М.В., Седых Д.Ю., Барбараш О.Л., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зыков М.В., Седых Д.Ю., Барбараш О.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zykov M.V., Sedykh D.Y., Barbarash O.L.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ateroskleroz.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1006">https://ateroskleroz.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1006</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – оценить влияние коморбидности на госпитальный и 2-летний этап лечения инфаркта миокарда (ИМ) у мужчин и женщин моложе 60 лет.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В анализ вошли 350 пациентов с ИМ моложе 60 лет, большая часть из них (87,4 %) – мужчины. Всем обследованным рассчитан риск по шкале GRACE и проведен анализ выраженности коморбидности по собственной модели «К9» (патент RU2734993C1 от 27.10.2020), основанной на суммировании девяти заболеваний: сахарного диабета, фибрилляции предсердий, инсульта в анамнезе, артериальной гипертензии, ожирения, периферического атеросклероза, тромбоцитопении, анемии, хронической болезни почек.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Коморбидность (наличие двух или более заболеваний) отмечалась у мужчин несколько чаще, чем у женщин (соответственно 65,9 и 53,6 %, p = 0,12). У мужчин, но не у женщин, коморбидность ассоциировалась с 23,5 % (р = 0,006) снижением частоты выполнения чрескожного коронарного вмешательства. Как госпитальная летальность, так и риск возникновения больших сердечно-сосудистых событий (смерть/ИМ/инсульт) через 2 года после выписки оказались минимальными при отсутствии коморбидности и у мужчин, и у женщин (до 0,7 % и до 8,1 % соответственно), более высокими у коморбидных женщин (3,4 и 12,5 % соответственно) и максимальными у коморбидных мужчин (6,1 и 18,4 %, соответственно). Коморбидность более существенно отягощала 2-летний прогноз у больных, подвергшихся чрескожному коронарному вмешательству, нежели у получавших первичное консервативное лечение, увеличивая риск развития конечной точки «смерть/ИМ/инсульт» в 3 раза (соответственно 16,7 и 5,8 %, р = 0,013). Добавление к шкале GRACE в регрессионном анализе Кокса данных о коморбидности позволяет существенно улучшить прогноз наступления 2-летней конечной точки, увеличивая значение χ2 с 64,08 до 79,86, а величину площади под ROC-кривой (AUC) – до 0,79 (95%-й доверительный интервал (95 % ДИ) 0,71–0,88). При этом ROC-анализ показал, что модифицированная шкала GRACE значительно лучше прогнозирует наступление конечной точки «смерть/ИМ/инсульт» у мужчин, чем у женщин: AUC 0,81 (95 % ДИ 0,72–0,90) и AUC 0,67 (95 % ДИ 0,51–0,83) соответственно.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Коморбидность, сопоставимо со шкалой GRACE, эффективно прогнозирует вероятность госпитальной летальности. При этом шкала GRACE имеет неудовлетворительную прогностическую значимость для 2-летней конечной точки «смерть/ИМ/инсульт». Модификация шкалы GRACE данными о коморбидности имеет важное клиническое значение у мужчин, но не у женщин, позволяя более эффективно стратифицировать риск неблагоприятных событий в долгосрочном периоде после ИМ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim of the study was to assess the impact of comorbidity on the hospital and 2-year stage of treatment for myocardial infarction (MI) in men and women under 60 years of age.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The analysis included 350 patients with MI younger than 60 years of age. The majority of patients (87.4 %) were men. For all patients, the risk was calculated according to the GRACE ASC Risk Model scale and an analysis was made of the severity of comorbidity according to the own model “K9” (patent RU2734993C1 from October 27, 2020), based on the summation of 9 diseases: diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, stroke, arterial hypertension, obesity, peripheral atherosclerosis, thrombocytopenia, anemia, chronic kidney disease.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Comorbidity (the presence of 2 or more diseases) was recorded insignificantly more often in men (65.9 % versus 53.6 %, p = 0.12). In men, but not in women, comorbidity was associated with a 23.5 % reduction in percutaneous coronary intervention (p = 0.006). Both in-hospital mortality and the risk of major cardiovascular events (death/MI/stroke) 2 years after discharge were minimal (up to 0.7 % and up to 8.1 %, respectively) in the absence of comorbidity in both men and women, higher in comorbid women (3.4 and 12.5 %, respectively) and maximum in comorbid men (6.1 and 18.4 %, respectively). Comorbidity more significantly aggravated the 2-year prognosis in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention than in receiving primary conservative treatment, increasing the risk of developing the death/MI/stroke end point by 3 times (16.7 and 5.8 %, respectively, p = 0.013). The addition of comorbidity data to the GRACE scale in the Cox regression analysis can significantly improve the prognosis of the onset of the 2-year endpoint, increasing the χ2 value from 64.08 to 79.86, and the value of the area under the ROC-curve (AUC) to 0.79 (95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) 0.71–0.88). At the same time, ROC analysis showed that the modified GRACE scale predicts the onset of the death/ MI/stroke endpoint in men much better than in women: AUC 0.81 (95 % CI 0.72–0.90) and AUC 0.67 (95 % CI 0.51–0.83), respectively.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Comorbidity is comparable to the GRACE scale and effectively predicts the likelihood of hospital mortality. At the same time, the GRACE scale has an unsatisfactory predictive value for the 2-year endpoint “death/MI/stroke”. Modification of the GRACE scale with data on comorbidity has important clinical implications in men, but not in women, allowing more effective stratification of the risk of adverse events in the long term after myocardial infarction.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфаркт миокарда</kwd><kwd>коморбидность</kwd><kwd>пол</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd><kwd>молодой и средний возраст</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myocardial infarction</kwd><kwd>comorbidity</kwd><kwd>gender</kwd><kwd>prognosis</kwd><kwd>young and middle age</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена в рамках фундаментальной темы НИИ комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний «Разработка инновационных моделей управления риском развития болезней системы кровообращения с учетом коморбидности на основе изучения фундаментальных, клинических, эпидемиологических механизмов и организационных технологий медицинской помощи в условиях промышленного региона Сибири (0419-20220002)»</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The work was done within the framework of the fundamental theme of the Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases “Development of innovative models for management of cardiovascular disease risk factors and comorbidities based on the study of fundamental, clinical, and epidemiological mechanisms and healthcare management techniques in the industrial region of Siberia (0419-2022-0002)”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Острый инфаркт миокарда с подъемом сегмента ST электрокардиограммы. 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